Give every cultcache-ts document type one home store

Cut 5 (TypeScript). The cache no longer mirrors: StoreRoute and its mirrors
list are gone, #resolveRoute returns the single home store (the store that
claims the type, else the generic store), and put, putEnvelope and delete write
exactly one store.

addBackingStore now refuses a second generic store and a type already claimed
by another store, attaching nothing when it refuses, matching C#. No bytes
change; nothing in CultLib attached more than one store.

Tests: rejects a second generic backing store, rejects a type registered to
two stores, routes each type to its home store. The writer-by-reader interop
test now runs the C# write-routed mode and checks that catalog.cc and run.cc
are each a complete v1 snapshot holding only their own record, and that every
reader (TS, Rust, C#, Python) reads the routed catalog store.

Version 0.13.5 -> 0.14.0; cultnet-ts and cultmesh-ts depend on ^0.14.0 so the
workspace link still satisfies their range.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

package-lock.json

@@ -832,7 +832,7 @@
     },
     "packages/cultcache-ts": {
       "name": "@gamecult/cultcache-ts",
-      "version": "0.13.5",
+      "version": "0.14.0",
       "license": "MIT",
       "dependencies": {
         "@msgpack/msgpack": "^3.1.3",
@@ -865,7 +865,7 @@
       "version": "0.1.1",
       "license": "MIT",
       "dependencies": {
-        "@gamecult/cultcache-ts": "^0.13.5",
+        "@gamecult/cultcache-ts": "^0.14.0",
         "@msgpack/msgpack": "^3.1.2",
         "cultnet-ts": "^0.2.0"
       },
@@ -882,7 +882,7 @@
       "version": "0.2.0",
       "license": "MIT",
       "dependencies": {
-        "@gamecult/cultcache-ts": "^0.13.5",
+        "@gamecult/cultcache-ts": "^0.14.0",
         "@msgpack/msgpack": "^3.1.3",
         "ajv": "^8.17.1"
       },

packages/cultcache-ts/README.md

@@ -142,6 +142,25 @@ Document definitions may also carry persistence metadata for cross-language
 stores: `schemaId`, `schemaName`, `schemaVersion`, `contentHash`,
 `canonicalSchemaJson`, `compatibleSchemaIds`, and slot `members`.
 
+## Backing Store Routing
+
+```ts
+const cache = CultCache.builder()
+  .withRegistry(registry)
+  .withBackingStore(new SingleFileMessagePackBackingStore("settings.cc"), settingsDocument)
+  .withGenericStore(new SingleFileMessagePackBackingStore("cache.cc"))
+  .build();
+```
+
+A document type has exactly one home store
+(`src/GameCult.Caching/Contracts/cultcache-store-composition.md` in CultLib):
+
+- a store added with types owns those types; otherwise the generic store is the home
+- a second generic store throws, and so does a type claimed by a second store;
+  a refused registration attaches nothing
+- `put`, `putEnvelope` and `delete` touch exactly one store; nothing is mirrored
+- a write whose type has no home store throws
+
 ## Name, Index, and Global Semantics
 
 `name` and `indexes` can be declared on the document definition:

packages/cultcache-ts/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@gamecult/cultcache-ts",
-  "version": "0.13.5",
+  "version": "0.14.0",
   "description": "CultCache-style typed persistence for TypeScript with schema-backed polymorphic MessagePack storage.",
   "main": "dist/index.js",
   "types": "dist/index.d.ts",

packages/cultcache-ts/src/cult-cache.ts

@@ -13,11 +13,6 @@ import type {
   CultCacheStoreRegistration,
 } from "./types";
 
-type StoreRoute = {
-  primary?: CacheBackingStore;
-  mirrors: CacheBackingStore[];
-};
-
 type RegisteredDefinition = {
   readonly definition: AnyCultCacheDocumentDefinition;
   readonly global: boolean;
@@ -181,10 +176,16 @@ export class CultCache {
     store: CacheBackingStore,
     ...types: BackingStoreTypeReference[]
   ): void {
-    this.#stores.push({
+    const claimed = [...new Set(types.map((value) => (typeof value === "string" ? value : value.type)))];
-      store,
+    if (claimed.length === 0 && this.#stores.some((registration) => registration.types.length === 0)) {
-      types: [...new Set(types.map((value) => (typeof value === "string" ? value : value.type)))],
+      throw new Error("Backing store would be a second generic store; name the types it is home to.");
-    });
+    }
+    for (const type of claimed) {
+      if (this.#stores.some((registration) => registration.types.includes(type))) {
+        throw new Error(`CultCache type "${type}" is already routed to another backing store; it cannot also route to this one.`);
+      }
+    }
+    this.#stores.push({ store, types: claimed });
   }
 
   addGenericBackingStore(store: CacheBackingStore): void {
@@ -386,8 +387,8 @@ export class CultCache {
       catalogEntry: registered.catalogEntry,
     };
 
-    const route = this.#resolveRoute(definition.type);
+    const home = this.#resolveRoute(definition.type);
-    if (!route.primary) {
+    if (!home) {
       throw new Error(`No backing store is registered for document type "${definition.type}".`);
     }
 
@@ -398,8 +399,7 @@ export class CultCache {
       }
     }
 
-    await route.primary.push(entry);
+    await home.push(entry);
-    await Promise.all(route.mirrors.map(async (mirror) => mirror.push(entry)));
     this.#applyHydratedEntry(registered, entry, parsed, "put");
     return parsed;
   }
@@ -432,8 +432,8 @@ export class CultCache {
       catalogEntry: envelope.catalogEntry ?? registered.catalogEntry,
     };
 
-    const route = this.#resolveRoute(definition.type);
+    const home = this.#resolveRoute(definition.type);
-    if (!route.primary) {
+    if (!home) {
       throw new Error(`No backing store is registered for document type "${definition.type}".`);
     }
 
@@ -444,8 +444,7 @@ export class CultCache {
       }
     }
 
-    await route.primary.push(entry);
+    await home.push(entry);
-    await Promise.all(route.mirrors.map(async (mirror) => mirror.push(entry)));
     this.#applyHydratedEntry(registered, entry, parsed, "put");
     return parsed;
   }
@@ -493,14 +492,13 @@ export class CultCache {
       return false;
     }
 
-    const route = this.#resolveRoute(definition.type);
+    const home = this.#resolveRoute(definition.type);
-    if (!route.primary) {
+    if (!home) {
       throw new Error(`No backing store is registered for document type "${definition.type}".`);
     }
 
     const envelope = this.#toEnvelope(entry);
-    await route.primary.delete(envelope);
+    await home.delete(envelope);
-    await Promise.all(route.mirrors.map(async (mirror) => mirror.delete(envelope)));
     this.#removeHydratedEntry(registered, entry);
     return true;
   }
@@ -660,20 +658,10 @@ export class CultCache {
     return this.#schemaNameDefinitions.get(entry.type) ?? this.#definitions.get(entry.type);
   }
 
-  #resolveRoute(type: string): StoreRoute {
+  // The store that claims the type, else the generic store. Registration guarantees at most one of each.
-    const typeSpecific = this.#stores.filter((registration) => registration.types.includes(type));
+  #resolveRoute(type: string): CacheBackingStore | undefined {
-    if (typeSpecific.length > 0) {
+    return (this.#stores.find((registration) => registration.types.includes(type))
-      return {
+      ?? this.#stores.find((registration) => registration.types.length === 0))?.store;
-        primary: typeSpecific[0]?.store,
-        mirrors: typeSpecific.slice(1).map((registration) => registration.store),
-      };
-    }
-
-    const generic = this.#stores.filter((registration) => registration.types.length === 0);
-    return {
-      primary: generic[0]?.store,
-      mirrors: generic.slice(1).map((registration) => registration.store),
-    };
   }
 
   #applyHydratedEntry(

packages/cultcache-ts/test/cult-cache.test.ts

@@ -533,6 +533,62 @@ test("SingleFileMessagePackBackingStore heals legacy envelopes whose payload was
   assert.ok(records[0]?.[3] instanceof Uint8Array);
 });
 
+test("CultCache rejects a second generic backing store", () => {
+  const cache = new CultCache();
+  cache.addGenericBackingStore(new SingleFileMessagePackBackingStore(join(tmpdir(), "unused-a.cc")));
+  assert.throws(
+    () => cache.addGenericBackingStore(new SingleFileMessagePackBackingStore(join(tmpdir(), "unused-b.cc"))),
+    /second generic store/u,
+  );
+});
+
+test("CultCache rejects a type registered to two stores", () => {
+  const cache = new CultCache();
+  cache.addBackingStore(new SingleFileMessagePackBackingStore(join(tmpdir(), "unused-a.cc")), "item");
+  assert.throws(
+    () => cache.addBackingStore(new SingleFileMessagePackBackingStore(join(tmpdir(), "unused-b.cc")), "settings", "item"),
+    /"item" is already routed/u,
+  );
+  // A refused registration claims nothing, so "settings" is still free.
+  cache.addBackingStore(new SingleFileMessagePackBackingStore(join(tmpdir(), "unused-c.cc")), "settings");
+});
+
+test("CultCache routes each type to its home store", async () => {
+  const itemDocument = defineDocumentType({
+    type: "item",
+    schema: z.object({ name: z.string() }),
+  });
+  const settingsDocument = defineDocumentType({
+    type: "settings",
+    schema: z.object({ theme: z.string() }),
+  });
+  const tempDir = await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), "cultcache-routes-"));
+  const genericPath = join(tempDir, "generic.cc");
+  const settingsPath = join(tempDir, "settings.cc");
+  const build = () => CultCache.builder()
+    .withRegistry(defineDocumentRegistry(itemDocument, settingsDocument))
+    .withBackingStore(new SingleFileMessagePackBackingStore(settingsPath), settingsDocument)
+    .withGenericStore(new SingleFileMessagePackBackingStore(genericPath))
+    .build();
+  const keysIn = async (path: string) =>
+    (await new SingleFileMessagePackBackingStore(path).pullAll()).map((entry) => `${entry.type}:${entry.key}`);
+
+  const cache = build();
+  await cache.put(itemDocument, "potion", { name: "Potion" });
+  await cache.put(settingsDocument, "app", { theme: "ash" });
+  assert.deepEqual(await keysIn(genericPath), ["item:potion"]);
+  assert.deepEqual(await keysIn(settingsPath), ["settings:app"]);
+
+  await cache.delete(settingsDocument, "app");
+  assert.deepEqual(await keysIn(settingsPath), []);
+  assert.deepEqual(await keysIn(genericPath), ["item:potion"]);
+
+  const reloaded = build();
+  await reloaded.pullAllBackingStores();
+  assert.deepEqual(reloaded.getRequired(itemDocument, "potion"), { name: "Potion" });
+  assert.equal(reloaded.get(settingsDocument, "app"), undefined);
+});
+
 test("CultCache v1 MessagePack stores are readable across TS, Rust, C#, and Python", async () => {
   await buildInteropPeers();
   const tempDir = await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), "cultcache-interop-"));
@@ -614,6 +670,32 @@ test("CultCache v1 MessagePack stores are readable across TS, Rust, C#, and Pyth
       assert.ok(read.tags.includes("interop"));
     }
   }
+
+  // C# write-routed attaches one home store per type: each file is a complete v1 snapshot holding only its own records.
+  const catalogFile = join(tempDir, "catalog.cc");
+  const runFile = join(tempDir, "run.cc");
+  const routed = await runJsonCommand("csharp-write-routed", dotnetCommand, [
+    csharpInteropDll,
+    "write-routed",
+    catalogFile,
+    runFile,
+  ], cultLibRoot);
+  const recordsIn = async (file: string) => {
+    const decoded = decode(await readFile(file)) as unknown[];
+    assert.equal(decoded[0], "cultcache.store.v1");
+    assert.ok(Array.isArray(decoded[1]), `${file} has no schema catalog`);
+    return (decoded[2] as unknown[][]).map((record) => ({ schemaId: record[1], key: record[0] }));
+  };
+  const catalogRecords = await recordsIn(catalogFile);
+  const runRecords = await recordsIn(runFile);
+  assert.deepEqual(catalogRecords.map((record) => record.key), ["note:csharp-routed"]);
+  assert.deepEqual(runRecords.map((record) => record.key), ["run-note:csharp-routed"]);
+  assert.notEqual(catalogRecords[0]?.schemaId, runRecords[0]?.schemaId);
+  for (const reader of readers) {
+    const read = await reader.read(catalogFile);
+    assert.equal(read.documentId, routed.documentId, `${reader.name} failed to read the routed catalog store`);
+    assert.equal(read.body, "One home store per document type.");
+  }
 });
 
 test("CultCache interop reader accepts missing compatible trailing slots and rejects mismatched slots", async () => {

packages/cultmesh-ts/package.json

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "@msgpack/msgpack": "^3.1.2",
-    "@gamecult/cultcache-ts": "^0.13.5",
+    "@gamecult/cultcache-ts": "^0.14.0",
     "cultnet-ts": "^0.2.0"
   },
   "devDependencies": {

packages/cultnet-ts/package.json

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
   "dependencies": {
     "@msgpack/msgpack": "^3.1.3",
     "ajv": "^8.17.1",
-    "@gamecult/cultcache-ts": "^0.13.5"
+    "@gamecult/cultcache-ts": "^0.14.0"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@types/node": "^24.0.0",