diff --git a/contracts/cultnet/interop/write-receipt.md b/contracts/cultnet/interop/write-receipt.md
index f927fc00..1971b3b9 100644
--- a/contracts/cultnet/interop/write-receipt.md
+++ b/contracts/cultnet/interop/write-receipt.md
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ A write settles as exactly one of:
 
 ## Changes to what #55 to #58 shipped
 
-Those clients complete *successfully* when the window ends with no refusal. Under this spec that case is `unconfirmed`. The TypeScript one-shot writer (#62) already reports it so: it resolves `admitted` only on a `write_admitted` carrying the put's id, and no other frame, a put echoed under the same id included, ever counts as admission. A caller whose server cannot answer a write yet (Odin, until it is receipt-capable) opts into the explicit send-only mode per call (`sendOnly: true`), which resolves the distinct outcome `sent` once the transport has acknowledged the put and never `admitted`; the Idunn presence publisher uses it. Receipts and send-only are both opt-in, neither is the default. The C# and Rust clients of #55 to #58 keep the window-success until their conformance work lands, and callers of those must not read it as admission.
+Those clients complete *successfully* when the window ends with no refusal. Under this spec that case is `unconfirmed`. The TypeScript one-shot writer (#62) already reports it so: it resolves `admitted` only on a `write_admitted` carrying the put's id, and no other frame, a put echoed under the same id included, ever counts as admission. A caller whose server cannot answer a write yet (Odin, until it is receipt-capable) opts into the explicit send-only mode per call (`sendOnly: true`), which resolves the distinct outcome `sent` once the transport has acknowledged the put and never `admitted`. The Idunn presence publisher is send-only by its own function (`sendPresenceDocument`, not the `sendOnly` option): the same `sent` result, plus a rejection if a refusal naming the put (or naming nothing) arrives by the transport ack. Receipts and send-only are both opt-in, neither is the default. The C# and Rust clients of #55 to #58 keep the window-success until their conformance work lands, and callers of those must not read it as admission.
 
 ## Vectors
 
diff --git a/docs/cultnet-rudp-ack-cut.md b/docs/cultnet-rudp-ack-cut.md
index 1b519484..47008c81 100644
--- a/docs/cultnet-rudp-ack-cut.md
+++ b/docs/cultnet-rudp-ack-cut.md
@@ -441,8 +441,8 @@ consumer that waits wants delivered, which is now just Acknowledged.
 | `cultmesh-rs/src/lib.rs:781-838` `request_raw_snapshot_from_rudp_catalog` (Idunn `src/drivers.rs:5527` uses it) | a hand-rolled loop until `Acknowledged`, then the response | Cut 4: `wait_acknowledged` |
 | `cultmesh-rs/src/lib.rs:870-900` `publish_cultnet_message_to_rudp_catalog` (Odin `odin-daemon`) | a hand-rolled loop until `Acknowledged`, then disconnect. The doc at `:869` claims "application admission" | Cut 4: `wait_acknowledged`; the doc says delivered to the document server's sink (`rudp_document_server.rs:343-372`) |
 | `cultmesh-rs/src/lib.rs:918-938` `publish_cultnet_messages_to_rudp_catalog` (Ghostlight `mesh.rs:323`) | `flush_reliable`, then drop. **Several ordered frames, then close** | None; flush now means it |
-| `cultmesh-ts/src/index.ts:6070-6098` `publishRudpDocumentOnce` (Heimdall, StreamPixels, Stonks, weksa, Bifrost, VoidBot, Hermodr) | `peer.flush` (`cultnet-ts/src/peer.ts:109-110`), then close | None. Cut 5 moves its connect-and-wait helper (`index.ts:6603-6650`) into cultnet-ts |
-| `cultnet-ts/src/idunn-odin-presence-publisher.ts:89-215` `publishDocument`, behind `createIdunnRuntimePresencePublisher`. **StreamPixels' service runs this**: `apps/service/scripts/idunn-entry.mjs` runs `deployment/idunn/runtime-presence.mjs`, which calls `createIdunnRuntimePresencePublisher` (`:46`) from its vendored CultLib `542ddd3` (StreamPixels `a49f7d8`; pass 2's `30ee8b9` is stale), where it lives under its older name `cultnet-ts/src/idunn-runtime-authority.ts:206` | a hand-rolled session loop (`:186-208`) until `outstandingReliablePacketCount === 0`. It does resend (`:205`). It drops `readyToSend` (`:198`), so promoted queued packets wait for the resend timer. It pins `initialSequence: 1` (`:103`) and never sends a Disconnect, so Odin's hub keeps each publish's peer until it times out (each publish binds a new port, so each is a new peer) | Cut 5: the socket transport, `connectAndWait`, `send("schema")`, `flush`, `close` (which sends the Disconnect, `rudp.ts:956-969`) |
+| `cultmesh-ts/src/index.ts:6211-6303` `publishRudpDocumentOnce` (Heimdall, StreamPixels, Stonks, weksa, Bifrost, VoidBot, Hermodr) | `peer.flush` (`cultnet-ts/src/peer.ts:109-110`), then close | None. Cut 5 moves its connect-and-wait helper (`index.ts:6603-6650`) into cultnet-ts |
+| `cultnet-ts/src/idunn-odin-presence-publisher.ts:97-136` `sendPresenceDocument` (formerly `publishDocument`), behind `createIdunnRuntimePresencePublisher`. **StreamPixels' service runs this**: `apps/service/scripts/idunn-entry.mjs` runs `deployment/idunn/runtime-presence.mjs`, which calls `createIdunnRuntimePresencePublisher` (`:46`) from its vendored CultLib `542ddd3` (StreamPixels `a49f7d8`; pass 2's `30ee8b9` is stale), where it lives under its older name `cultnet-ts/src/idunn-runtime-authority.ts:206` | a hand-rolled session loop (`:186-208`) until `outstandingReliablePacketCount === 0`. It does resend (`:205`). It drops `readyToSend` (`:198`), so promoted queued packets wait for the resend timer. It pins `initialSequence: 1` (`:103`) and never sends a Disconnect, so Odin's hub keeps each publish's peer until it times out (each publish binds a new port, so each is a new peer) | Cut 5: the socket transport, `connectAndWait`, `send("schema")`, `flush`, `close` (which sends the Disconnect, `rudp.ts:956-969`) |
 | `cultnet-ts/src/signed-daemon-health.ts:104-162` `publishSignedDaemonHealth` (Hermodr, Odin `idunn-rudp.cjs`) | a hand-rolled loop: sends the packets `sendMany` admitted, waits up to 500 ms for the **first** Ack packet of any content (`:146-153`), swallows the timeout, closes. Resends run inside that wait (`:303`) but promoted queued packets are never sent | Cut 5, as above. Today a write not acked within 500 ms, or any payload over 32 packets, is reported published |
 | `cultnet-ts/src/operation-service.ts` | the operation response | none (the response is the proof) |
 | C# `FlushReliable` callers: Gjallar `Program.cs:3055-3080` (two ordered frames, flush, dispose) | flush | None |
diff --git a/packages/cultmesh-ts/src/index.ts b/packages/cultmesh-ts/src/index.ts
index 38c0b34a..0bf8ceae 100644
--- a/packages/cultmesh-ts/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/cultmesh-ts/src/index.ts
@@ -6237,8 +6237,10 @@ export class CultMesh {
     const peer = await CultMesh.createRudpPeer(runtimeId, connectionId, endpoint, options);
     try {
       if (options.sendOnly) {
+        // Built outside the try: a message that cannot be serialized is the caller's error, with its cause, not a send failure.
+        const put = putMessage();
         try {
-          peer.send(putMessage());
+          peer.send(put);
           await peer.flush(options.flushTimeoutMs ?? 30_000);
         } catch {
           throw new CultMeshRudpWriteUnconfirmedError(messageId, "local_send_failed");
diff --git a/packages/cultmesh-ts/test/write-receipt-client.test.ts b/packages/cultmesh-ts/test/write-receipt-client.test.ts
index 797df1cd..b5f67de6 100644
--- a/packages/cultmesh-ts/test/write-receipt-client.test.ts
+++ b/packages/cultmesh-ts/test/write-receipt-client.test.ts
@@ -208,6 +208,17 @@ test("sendOnly fails local_send_failed when the send is never acknowledged", asy
   } finally { server.close(); }
 });
 
+test("sendOnly keeps the cause of a put that cannot be built: it is not reported as local_send_failed", async () => {
+  const server = await fakeServer(nextConnection, { advertise: false, answer: "silence" });
+  try {
+    await assert.rejects(
+      CultMesh.publishRudpDocumentOnce("receipt-client", nextConnection++, server.endpoint, binding, "tests:receipt:a", { noteId: 1 } as unknown as { noteId: string; text: string }, { ...transport, sendOnly: true }),
+      (error: unknown) => !(error instanceof CultMeshRudpWriteUnconfirmedError) && error instanceof Error,
+    );
+    assert.deepEqual(server.seen, [], "nothing was sent");
+  } finally { server.close(); }
+});
+
 test("sendOnly cannot be combined with writeReceipts", async () => {
   await assert.rejects(publish({ endpoint: "rudp://127.0.0.1:9" }, { sendOnly: true, writeReceipts: true }), TypeError);
 });
diff --git a/packages/cultnet-ts/CHANGELOG.md b/packages/cultnet-ts/CHANGELOG.md
index 13dc3dff..be6e2d98 100644
--- a/packages/cultnet-ts/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/packages/cultnet-ts/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ All notable changes to `@gamecult/cultnet-ts` are recorded here, following
 
 ### Breaking
 
+- The Idunn runtime presence publisher is send-only (`sendPresenceDocument`): it returns `"sent"` once Odin's transport has acknowledged the put and no longer waits up to 500 ms for a success reply, which was never admission. It rejects `IdunnPresenceRefusedError` for a `cultnet.error.v0`, or a `cultnet.error.v1` naming the put or nothing, that arrives by the ack; a refusal after the ack is not awaited, and no other frame, one carrying the put's id included, counts as success.
 - The package is renamed `cultnet-ts` to `@gamecult/cultnet-ts` (the repo already scopes `@gamecult/cultcache-ts`), so the unscoped name cannot be claimed by someone else. Import from `@gamecult/cultnet-ts` and its subpaths; the API is unchanged.
 - `CultNetErrorMessage` carries `routingHint`, `code` and `details` (null when absent), as the reference writes them and `cultnet.error.schema.json` requires; the interface previously dropped them. New `CultNetErrorCode`, `CultNetErrorDetails` and `CultNetShardRoutingHint` types.
 
diff --git a/packages/cultnet-ts/test/idunn-odin-presence-send-only.test.ts b/packages/cultnet-ts/test/idunn-odin-presence-send-only.test.ts
index 10a249f1..fff8e2d5 100644
--- a/packages/cultnet-ts/test/idunn-odin-presence-send-only.test.ts
+++ b/packages/cultnet-ts/test/idunn-odin-presence-send-only.test.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import { IdunnPresenceRefusedError, sendPresenceDocument } from "../src/idunn-od
 import { CultNetRudpSession, decodeRudpPacket, encodeRudpPacket } from "../src/rudp";
 
 interface Script {
-  answer: "silence" | "echo" | "admitted" | "refuse-v0" | "refuse-v1-other";
+  answer: "silence" | "echo" | "admitted" | "refuse-v0" | "refuse-v1-other" | "refuse-v1-same" | "refuse-v1-none";
   /** Acknowledge the put? Default true. */
   ack?: boolean;
 }
@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ async function fakeOdin(connectionId: number, script: Script) {
       else if (script.answer === "admitted") say({ schemaVersion: "cultnet.write_admitted.v0", messageId: put.messageId, operation: "put", schemaId: "s", recordKey: "k" }, remote.port, remote.address);
       else if (script.answer === "refuse-v0") say({ schemaVersion: "cultnet.error.v0", error: "no", routingHint: null, code: "write_not_authorized", details: null }, remote.port, remote.address);
       else if (script.answer === "refuse-v1-other") say({ schemaVersion: "cultnet.error.v1", error: "no", routingHint: null, code: "write_not_authorized", details: null, messageId: "someone-else" }, remote.port, remote.address);
+      else if (script.answer === "refuse-v1-same") say({ schemaVersion: "cultnet.error.v1", error: "no", routingHint: null, code: "write_not_authorized", details: null, messageId: put.messageId }, remote.port, remote.address);
+      else if (script.answer === "refuse-v1-none") say({ schemaVersion: "cultnet.error.v1", error: "no", routingHint: null, code: "write_not_authorized", details: null, messageId: null }, remote.port, remote.address);
     }
     if (packet.reliable && script.ack !== false) send(session.createAckForReceived(packet.sequence), remote.port, remote.address);
   });
@@ -73,6 +75,16 @@ test("a refusal that arrives by the transport ack rejects the put", async () =>
   } finally { server.close(); }
 });
 
+for (const answer of ["refuse-v1-same", "refuse-v1-none"] as const) {
+  test(`an error.v1 refusal that ${answer === "refuse-v1-same" ? "names this put" : "names no put"} rejects the put`, async () => {
+    const connectionId = nextConnection++;
+    const server = await fakeOdin(connectionId, { answer });
+    try {
+      await assert.rejects(sendTo(server, "presence-1", connectionId), IdunnPresenceRefusedError);
+    } finally { server.close(); }
+  });
+}
+
 test("a put the transport never acknowledges is an error, not sent", async () => {
   const connectionId = nextConnection++;
   const server = await fakeOdin(connectionId, { answer: "silence", ack: false });