Aetheria/Assets/Plugins/Celestial Body/Scripts/SphereMesh.cs

using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using static UnityEngine.Vector3;

public class SphereMesh {

	public readonly Vector3[] Vertices;
	public readonly int[] Triangles;
	public readonly int Resolution;

	// Internal:
	FixedSizeList<Vector3> vertices;
	FixedSizeList<int> triangles;
	int numDivisions;
	int numVertsPerFace;

	// Indices of the vertex pairs that make up each of the initial 12 edges
	static readonly int[] vertexPairs = { 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0, 4, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 1, 5, 1, 5, 2, 5, 3, 5, 4 };
	// Indices of the edge triplets that make up the initial 8 faces
	static readonly int[] edgeTriplets = { 0, 1, 4, 1, 2, 5, 2, 3, 6, 3, 0, 7, 8, 9, 4, 9, 10, 5, 10, 11, 6, 11, 8, 7 };
	// The six initial vertices
	static readonly Vector3[] baseVertices = { up, left, back, right, forward, down };

	public SphereMesh (int resolution) {
		this.Resolution = resolution;
		numDivisions = Mathf.Max (0, resolution);
		numVertsPerFace = ((numDivisions + 3) * (numDivisions + 3) - (numDivisions + 3)) / 2;
		int numVerts = numVertsPerFace * 8 - (numDivisions + 2) * 12 + 6;
		int numTrisPerFace = (numDivisions + 1) * (numDivisions + 1);

		vertices = new FixedSizeList<Vector3> (numVerts);
		triangles = new FixedSizeList<int> (numTrisPerFace * 8 * 3);

		vertices.AddRange (baseVertices);

		// Create 12 edges, with n vertices added along them (n = numDivisions)
		Edge[] edges = new Edge[12];
		for (int i = 0; i < vertexPairs.Length; i += 2) {
			Vector3 startVertex = vertices.items[vertexPairs[i]];
			Vector3 endVertex = vertices.items[vertexPairs[i + 1]];

			int[] edgeVertexIndices = new int[numDivisions + 2];
			edgeVertexIndices[0] = vertexPairs[i];

			// Add vertices along edge
			for (int divisionIndex = 0; divisionIndex < numDivisions; divisionIndex++) {
				float t = (divisionIndex + 1f) / (numDivisions + 1f);
				edgeVertexIndices[divisionIndex + 1] = vertices.nextIndex;
				vertices.Add (Slerp (startVertex, endVertex, t));
			}
			edgeVertexIndices[numDivisions + 1] = vertexPairs[i + 1];
			int edgeIndex = i / 2;
			edges[edgeIndex] = new Edge (edgeVertexIndices);
		}

		// Create faces
		for (int i = 0; i < edgeTriplets.Length; i += 3) {
			int faceIndex = i / 3;
			bool reverse = faceIndex >= 4;
			CreateFace (edges[edgeTriplets[i]], edges[edgeTriplets[i + 1]], edges[edgeTriplets[i + 2]], reverse);
		}

		Vertices = vertices.items;
		Triangles = triangles.items;
	}

	void CreateFace (Edge sideA, Edge sideB, Edge bottom, bool reverse) {
		int numPointsInEdge = sideA.vertexIndices.Length;
		var vertexMap = new FixedSizeList<int> (numVertsPerFace);
		vertexMap.Add (sideA.vertexIndices[0]); // top of triangle

		for (int i = 1; i < numPointsInEdge - 1; i++) {
			// Side A vertex
			vertexMap.Add (sideA.vertexIndices[i]);

			// Add vertices between sideA and sideB
			Vector3 sideAVertex = vertices.items[sideA.vertexIndices[i]];
			Vector3 sideBVertex = vertices.items[sideB.vertexIndices[i]];
			int numInnerPoints = i - 1;
			for (int j = 0; j < numInnerPoints; j++) {
				float t = (j + 1f) / (numInnerPoints + 1f);
				vertexMap.Add (vertices.nextIndex);
				vertices.Add (Slerp (sideAVertex, sideBVertex, t));
			}

			// Side B vertex
			vertexMap.Add (sideB.vertexIndices[i]);
		}

		// Add bottom edge vertices
		for (int i = 0; i < numPointsInEdge; i++) {
			vertexMap.Add (bottom.vertexIndices[i]);
		}

		// Triangulate
		int numRows = numDivisions + 1;
		for (int row = 0; row < numRows; row++) {
			// vertices down left edge follow quadratic sequence: 0, 1, 3, 6, 10, 15...
			// the nth term can be calculated with: (n^2 - n)/2
			int topVertex = ((row + 1) * (row + 1) - row - 1) / 2;
			int bottomVertex = ((row + 2) * (row + 2) - row - 2) / 2;

			int numTrianglesInRow = 1 + 2 * row;
			for (int column = 0; column < numTrianglesInRow; column++) {
				int v0, v1, v2;

				if (column % 2 == 0) {
					v0 = topVertex;
					v1 = bottomVertex + 1;
					v2 = bottomVertex;
					topVertex++;
					bottomVertex++;
				} else {
					v0 = topVertex;
					v1 = bottomVertex;
					v2 = topVertex - 1;
				}

				triangles.Add (vertexMap.items[v0]);
				triangles.Add (vertexMap.items[(reverse) ? v2 : v1]);
				triangles.Add (vertexMap.items[(reverse) ? v1 : v2]);
			}
		}

	}

	// Convenience classes:

	public class Edge {
		public int[] vertexIndices;

		public Edge (int[] vertexIndices) {
			this.vertexIndices = vertexIndices;
		}
	}

	public class FixedSizeList<T> {
		public T[] items;
		public int nextIndex;

		public FixedSizeList (int size) {
			items = new T[size];
		}

		public void Add (T item) {
			items[nextIndex] = item;
			nextIndex++;
		}

		public void AddRange (IEnumerable<T> items) {
			foreach (var item in items) {
				Add (item);
			}
		}
	}

}